AUTHOR=Palabikyan Hayk, Ruddyard Aquilla, Pomper Lara, Novak David, Reischl Barbara, Rittmann Simon K.-M. R. TITLE=Scale-up of biomass production by Methanococcus maripaludis JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=//www.gosselinpr.com/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1031131 DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.1031131 ISSN=1664-302X ABSTRACT=The development of a sustainable energy economy is one of the great challenges in the current times of climate crisis and growing energy demands. Industrial production of the fifth-generation biofuel methane by microorganisms has the potential to become a crucial biotechnological milestone of the post fossil fuel era. Therefore, reproducible cultivation and scale-up of methanogenic archaea (methanogens) is essential for enabling biomass generation for fundamental studies and for defining peak performance conditions for bioprocess development. This study provides a comprehensive revision of established and optimization of novel methods for the cultivation of the model organism Methanococcus maripaludis S0001. In closed batch mode, 0.05 L serum bottles cultures were gradually replaced by 0.4 L Schott bottle cultures for regular biomass generation, and the time for reaching peak optical density (OD₅₇₈)值减少一半。在1.5 L cul反应堆tures, various agitation, harvesting and transfer methods were compared resulting in a specific growth rate of 0.16 h⁻¹and the highest recorded OD₅₇₈of 3.4. Finally, a 300-fold scale-up from serum bottles was achieved by growing M. maripaludis for the first time in a 22 L stainless steel bioreactor with 15 L working volume. Altogether, the experimental approaches described in this study contribute to establishing methanogens as essential organisms in large-scale biotechnology applications, a crucial stage of an urgently needed industrial evolution toward sustainable biosynthesis of energy and high value products.